4-year earnings Median earnings for a program cohort four years after completion.
$84,888
Program median
Program + credential
Pharmacology and Toxicology.: Doctoral Degree
Credential-level program pages keep field-of-study metrics separate from institution-wide outcomes.
Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard Data status: March 23, 2026 Missing and suppressed values are not zero.
Available program metrics
5-year earnings Median earnings for a program cohort five years after completion.
$71,025
Program median
Median debt Median program debt for a defined completion cohort.
$17,829
At evaluated institution
Cohort count Count context for the program outcome metrics.
199
Students in outcome cohort
| School | Type | Institution net price | Institution grad rate | Program data status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Augusta University Augusta, GA | Public | $13,787 | 48.8% | Available |
| Boston University Boston, MA | Private nonprofit | $24,402 | 88.7% | Available |
| Brown University Providence, RI | Private nonprofit | $25,184 | 95.7% | Available |
| Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH | Private nonprofit | $41,190 | 87.2% | Available |
| Clemson University Clemson, SC | Public | $22,253 | 86.6% | Available |
| Colorado State University-Fort Collins Fort Collins, CO | Public | $21,279 | 66.5% | Available |
| Columbia University in the City of New York New York, NY | Private nonprofit | $21,590 | 96.1% | Available |
| Cornell University Ithaca, NY | Private nonprofit | $28,690 | 95.4% | Available |
| Creighton University Omaha, NE | Private nonprofit | $31,568 | 83.4% | Available |
| Dartmouth College Hanover, NH | Private nonprofit | $29,519 | 95.5% | Available |
| Drexel University Philadelphia, PA | Private nonprofit | $38,509 | 78.2% | Available |
| Duke University Durham, NC | Private nonprofit | $29,612 | 96.8% | Available |
| Duquesne University Pittsburgh, PA | Private nonprofit | $37,730 | 77.5% | Available |
| East Carolina University Greenville, NC | Public | $15,739 | 62.6% | Available |
| Georgetown University Washington, DC | Private nonprofit | $40,815 | 94.8% | Available |
| Howard University Washington, DC | Private nonprofit | $50,539 | 70% | Available |
| Indiana University-Bloomington Bloomington, IN | Public | $16,264 | 80.2% | Available |
| Indiana University-Indianapolis Indianapolis, IN | Public | $11,668 | 54.5% | Available |
| Iowa State University Ames, IA | Public | $18,589 | 75.3% | Available |
| Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD | Private nonprofit | $18,809 | 93.8% | Available |
| Kent State University at Kent Kent, OH | Public | $20,787 | 63.7% | Available |
| Loma Linda University Loma Linda, CA | Private nonprofit | Not available | Not available | Available |
| Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans New Orleans, LA | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport Shreveport, LA | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| Loyola University Chicago Chicago, IL | Private nonprofit | $36,079 | 73% | Available |
| Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science Rochester, MN | Private nonprofit | Not available | Not available | Available |
| MCPHS University Boston, MA | Private nonprofit | $39,545 | 62% | Available |
| Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, SC | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| Michigan State University East Lansing, MI | Public | $19,680 | 80.7% | Available |
| Mississippi State University Mississippi State, MS | Public | $17,595 | 66.7% | Available |
| New York University New York, NY | Private nonprofit | $37,050 | 87.6% | Available |
| North Carolina State University at Raleigh Raleigh, NC | Public | $17,303 | 84.8% | Available |
| Northeastern University Boston, MA | Private nonprofit | $30,915 | 90.5% | Available |
| Oregon Health & Science University Portland, OR | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| Oregon State University Corvallis, OR | Public | $19,604 | 70.1% | Available |
| Oregon State University-Cascades Campus Bend, OR | Public | $18,048 | 55.6% | Available |
| Purdue University-Main Campus West Lafayette, IN | Public | $14,600 | 83.1% | Available |
| Rush University Chicago, IL | Private nonprofit | Not available | Not available | Available |
| Rutgers University-New Brunswick New Brunswick, NJ | Public | $24,406 | 83.6% | Available |
| Saint Joseph's University - Philadelphia Philadelphia, PA | Private nonprofit | $29,689 | 78.8% | Available |
| Saint Louis University Saint Louis, MO | Private nonprofit | $24,398 | 79.5% | Available |
| Southern Illinois University-Carbondale Carbondale, IL | Public | $13,297 | 62.4% | Available |
| Southern University and A & M College Baton Rouge, LA | Public | $20,077 | 27.1% | Available |
| Southern University Law Center Baton Rouge, LA | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| Stony Brook University Stony Brook, NY | Public | $18,784 | 75.6% | Available |
| Texas A&M University-College Station College Station, TX | Public | $21,315 | 83.9% | Available |
| Texas Southern University Houston, TX | Public | $16,590 | 22.2% | Available |
| Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX | Public | $19,070 | 68.7% | Available |
| The University of Montana Missoula, MT | Public | $16,784 | 48% | Available |
| The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston, TX | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio, TX | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston Galveston, TX | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, PA | Private nonprofit | $28,928 | 68.6% | Available |
| Tulane University of Louisiana New Orleans, LA | Private nonprofit | $39,949 | 86.1% | Available |
| University at Albany Albany, NY | Public | $17,167 | 61.5% | Available |
| University at Buffalo Buffalo, NY | Public | $20,995 | 75.2% | Available |
| University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL | Public | $18,749 | 64.2% | Available |
| University of Arizona Tucson, AZ | Public | $16,674 | 67.5% | Available |
| University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, AR | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| University of California-Berkeley Berkeley, CA | Public | $13,481 | 92.8% | Available |
| University of California-Davis Davis, CA | Public | $14,741 | 85.7% | Available |
| University of California-Irvine Irvine, CA | Public | $14,251 | 86.9% | Available |
| University of California-Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA | Public | $12,548 | 92.6% | Available |
| University of California-Riverside Riverside, CA | Public | $14,304 | 76% | Available |
| University of California-Santa Cruz Santa Cruz, CA | Public | $17,890 | 75.1% | Available |
| University of Cincinnati-Main Campus Cincinnati, OH | Public | $25,648 | 75% | Available |
| University of Colorado Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus Denver, CO | Public | $11,900 | 46.2% | Available |
| University of Georgia Athens, GA | Public | $13,936 | 89.7% | Available |
| University of Illinois Chicago Chicago, IL | Public | $10,974 | 61.6% | Available |
| University of Iowa Iowa City, IA | Public | $22,531 | 74.6% | Available |
| University of Kansas Lawrence, KS | Public | $18,059 | 68.8% | Available |
| University of Kentucky Lexington, KY | Public | $18,851 | 71.4% | Available |
| University of Louisiana at Monroe Monroe, LA | Public | $13,466 | 54.2% | Available |
| University of Louisville Louisville, KY | Public | $17,988 | 61.2% | Available |
| University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore, MD | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| University of Maryland Eastern Shore Princess Anne, MD | Public | $13,338 | 35.3% | Available |
| University of Maryland-Baltimore County Baltimore, MD | Public | $16,467 | 70% | Available |
| University of Maryland-College Park College Park, MD | Public | $15,678 | 88.6% | Available |
| University of Miami Coral Gables, FL | Private nonprofit | $37,244 | 83.7% | Available |
| University of Michigan-Ann Arbor Ann Arbor, MI | Public | $13,138 | 93.2% | Available |
| University of Minnesota-Duluth Duluth, MN | Public | $18,743 | 64.7% | Available |
| University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis, MN | Public | $16,778 | 85.3% | Available |
| University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia, MO | Public | $20,268 | 74.9% | Available |
| University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, NE | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| University of Nevada-Reno Reno, NV | Public | $15,927 | 61.2% | Available |
| University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC | Public | $11,655 | 91.2% | Available |
| University of North Dakota Grand Forks, ND | Public | $18,551 | 60.5% | Available |
| University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA | Private nonprofit | $28,699 | 96.5% | Available |
| University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus Pittsburgh, PA | Public | $30,434 | 85.5% | Available |
| University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences San Juan, PR | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| University of Rochester Rochester, NY | Private nonprofit | $29,278 | 85.4% | Available |
| University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA | Private nonprofit | $32,740 | 91.8% | Available |
| University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT | Public | $16,200 | 65.1% | Available |
| University of Virginia-Main Campus Charlottesville, VA | Public | $21,565 | 95.6% | Available |
| University of Washington-Seattle Campus Seattle, WA | Public | $14,091 | 85.2% | Available |
| University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI | Public | $17,354 | 89.6% | Available |
| Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY | Public | Not available | Not available | Available |
| Utah State University Logan, UT | Public | $14,936 | 59.1% | Available |
| Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN | Private nonprofit | $15,846 | 93.5% | Available |
| Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA | Public | $23,433 | 63.2% | Available |
| Washington State University Pullman, WA | Public | $14,971 | 60.5% | Available |
| Yale University New Haven, CT | Private nonprofit | $23,777 | 95.7% | Available |
| Yeshiva University New York, NY | Private nonprofit | $49,965 | 83.2% | Available |